Monday, December 13, 2010
Monday, November 1, 2010
The fundraising models of NPOs and Foundations in Taiwan.
1 Abstract
In 2006, Taiwan government released the "Charity Donations Destined For Social Welfare Funds Implementation Regulations" for the following main purposes, effective control of Charity Donations, to use societal resources in appropriate manners, to promote social welfare & to protect the rights of donors.
However, due to the flaws and incompleteness of the regulation for a long time, in 2005, some NPOs advocated to establish the Taiwan NPO Self-Regulation Alliance to enhance the NPO accountability and transparency for the public.
According to the thesis of 歐烱杕, it shows that most Taiwan NPOs funding are form donation and government grants, and most NPOs lack confidence to ask enterprises to give. To make people abroad know about Taiwan NPOs found raising models, of which I will make analysis report on three NPOs with different know-hows. "Genesis Social Welfare Foundation" is good at Government Uniform Invoice (GUI) fundraising from the public, "Sunshine Social Welfare Foundation" which demonstrates how NPO could cooperate with small and medium-sized enterprises in Taiwan and "United Way of Taiwan" which adopts Liverpool Charity and Voluntary Services and acts as the mediation to raise, distribute and monitor fund for NPOs and as the platform to meet the needs and interest of minority people, NPOs and enterprises in Taiwan.
According to my literature review to their websites, the way for the public to give and the NPOs to raise fund in Taiwan are very creative and convenient now. People now would like to give by credit card more than before. In chain stores, you could easily print out the donation voucher from multimedia kiosk or just give changes or invoices for donation. To dial up a quick call with your cellphone is accessible to everyone who wants to give.
The E-funding system is easy to access on NPO's websites. Retrieved from The SSWF website.
Follow steps on ibon at 7-11 to print out the donation voucher. Retrived from: http://www.tfrd.org.tw/help/index.php?kind_id=1&sid=37
It is also important to have fans and supporters in virtual reality for NPOs. It is a shame not to use the web 2.0 applications like Facebook, Plurk and Blogger to promote the campaigns and organize fans for bigger social effects. Some fancy ways to raise funds, such as to fulfil friends' birthday charity wishes by donation or just married couples to buy charity thank card for friends, are integrated with the web 2.0 platform to engage young generations as well.
The Birthday Donation on the United Way of Taiwan Website and from which you could see how many friends support your birthday charity wishes and how much they have donated for you. Retrieved from The United Way of Taiwan.
There are some famous commercial portal sites like "Yahoo Charity" which functions like "Virgin Money Giving" in UK and the Apple Daily Charitable foundation, endowed from a famous gossip media cooperate, engage their numerous audience and readers to participate in donation and caring for the charity events.
This is one of the Sunshine Social Welfare Foundation's charity program on Yahoo Charity. You could see who are the donors to this program and how much money the foundation have raised. Retrieved from The Yahoo Charity website.
You could be a donor on Yahoo Charity. The page shows that this donor who has donated a lot of charity programs listed below. Retrieved from The Yahoo Charity website.
According to many studies, exposures to individual fundraising case are very effective for raising people's attention and sympathy in Taiwan, however people also criticises that the media power will mislead the public and result in unfairness of benefit distribution to the general cases. The NPOs and the endowment cooperation which care for the disabled people have very successful fundraising performance in Taiwan. It shows us that people prefers to give emergency donation or give money with soon and visable outcome.
According to Taiwanese' cognition, that we want to promote the orangutan conservation and rainforest their home is kind of like "a long-term overseas relief-aid case". We could hold fundraising activities which are legal in law and regulations but probably challenging for people's awareness. I suggest that the most important thing is to raise people's awareness to the world diversity and global warming change with linkage to the cause of orangutan extinction and their home rainforest devastation. Still, some cooperation could be made among the conservation and environmental protection NPOs, linked with zoos which keep endangered spices and implementing the platform of communities universities in Taiwan which are regarded the most successful social civilization movement in the last decade.
I must say that it is a unusual case for Taiwanese to donate money to aid overseas conservation work for a long time compared with the relief cases such as Tsunami 2004, Sichuan earthquake 2008 and Haiti earthquake 2010, however if we could successfully raise Taiwanese' awareness and contribute global obligation, this could be the initiative action for Taiwanese to aid the conservation work overseas.
2 Case studies to the fundraising models of NPOs in Taiwan
2.1 Taiwan NPO Self-Regulation Alliance
2.1.1 Website portal
- Taiwan NPO Self-Regulation Alliance (English)
- 台灣公益團體自律聯盟 (Mandarin
2.1.2 Objectives
Established in 2005. Their main objectives are to establish a self-regulation mechanism to promote information disclosure by NPOs, strive for the protection of donor rights, promote a legal environment that will ensure the sound development of Taiwan's NPO sector, encourage exchange between NPOs and promote NPO-related research.
2.1.3 Accountability
It provides the website to regulate NPOs who sign the pledge to updates their financial reports annually.
2.2 United Way of Taiwan
2.2.1 Website portal
- United Way of Taiwan(English)
- 中華社會福利聯合勸募協會 (Mandarin)
2.2.2 Objectives
Established since 1992. The United Way adopts the model of the Liverpool Charity and Voluntary Services in UK and acts as the platform and mediation to raise, distribute and monitor the fund and resources for NPOs in Taiwan.
2.2.3 Fundraising
In 2009, the United Way raises around $14 million from the public. According to their regulation, 85% of the raising funds will be distributed reasonably to NPOs after cautious evaluation to their performance and accountability by the committee, 2% will be the saved as the emergency relief fund, and 13% will support the administration of the United Way.
2.2.4 E-Funding system
People could transfer money through credit card, post office, banks and by check. People could also use the Multimedia Kiosk in chain stores, like the ibon of 7-11, Famiport of FamilyMart and LifeET of Hi-Life to print out the donation voucher and pay at the store counter. Also, the cellphone quick call is accessible to anyone who wants to give.
The United Way of Taiwan cooperates with patrons and celebrities to encourage young people to join the Birthday Donation and Wedding Donation activities which are integrated in web 2.0 application system.
The United Way of Taiwan has a portal site on Yahoo Charity and has a very good performance in fundraising for their programs.
2.2.5 CSR
The United Way of Taiwan has long term relationship with Citi Bank and has the permission from government to put donation boxes at the chain stores. Some enterprises also encourage their employees to donate one-day salary.
Many enterprises which want to contribute to the social welfare affairs but has no specific target will choose to donate to the United Way of Taiwan and trust their management of donation.
2.3 Genesis Social Welfare Foundation
2.3.1 Website portal
- Genesis Social Welfare Foundation(English)
- 財團法人創世福利基金會(Mandarin)
2.3.2 Objectives
Established in 1987. Their main objectives are to care for patients of persistent vegetative state (PVS), the elder and the homeless.
2.3.3 Fundraising
GSWF has the authority form government to put GUI donation boxes in schools, supermarkets (Carrefour) and chain stores (7-11, FamilyMart, HiLife) and will collect GUI boxes to check reward regularly.
According to the website, JSWF collected almost 100 million of GUI throughout Taiwan in 2009 and after checked by volunteers and staffs, they got the reward prize of around $3 million.
2.3.4 E-Funding system
People could transfer money through credit card, post office, banks and by check. People could also use the Multimedia Kiosk in chain stores, like the ibon of 7-11 or Famiport of FamilyMart to print out the donation voucher and pay at the store counter.
It provides sticker code for blog writer to post campaign news, organizes Facebook, Twitter and Plurk fans and produces animations and videos which are cooperated with celebrities and politicians to encourage GUI donate.
JSWF has no portal site on Yahoo Charity.
2.3.5 Accountability
Every 2 months, JSWF publishes the newsletter to their members and update on the website about their income, expense, donors' information and also reward price of GUI, however people can not find their annual financial reports like "Sunshine Social Welfare Foundation" online or on NPO Self-Regulation Alliance's website.
JSWF has the online search engine for donors to keyin their names to know if JSWF updated the donation or not.
2.3.6 CSR
JSWF which is famous and large foundation in Taiwan has very good relationship with small and medium-sized enterprises which will search for cooperation with them directly.
2.4 Sunshine Social Welfare Foundation
2.4.1 Website portal
- Sunshine Social Welfare Foundation(English)
- 陽光社會福利基金會(Mandarin)
2.4.2 Objectives
Established in 1989. Their main objectives are to provide an extensive range of services for burn survivors and people with facial disfigurement, to assist them in their physical, psychological and social rehabilitation and to uphold their human rights and dignity.
2.4.3 Fundraising
Except the GUI donation, the SSWF cooperates with many small and medium-sized enterprises to promote their campaigns and donation activities like "One NTD one person", selling the charity products and so on.
From the donation list on the website, you can see many donors are small and medium-sized enterprises and 23 enterprises of them provide job opportunities for burn survivors.
2.4.4 E-Funding system
People could transfer money through credit card, post office, banks and by check. People could also use the Multimedia Kiosk in chain stores, like the ibon of 7-11 or Famiport of FamilyMart to print out the donation voucher and pay at the store counter.
It provides sticker code for blog writer to post campaign news and organizes Facebook, Twitter and Plurk fans.
The SSWF has a portal site on Yahoo Charity and has a very good performance in fundraising for their programs.
2.4.5 Accountability
The SSWF updates their annual financial report in details and donors' information on website.
2.4.6 CSR
The SSWF cooperates with small-medium sized enterprises to provide job opportunities and scholarship for burn survivors and encourages enterprises to buy their merchandise, to donate GUI and to promote campaigns together.
3 References
- Regulations
- Charity Donations Destined For Social Welfare Funds Implementation Regulations(English)、公益勸募條例(Mandarin)
- Charity Donations Act - Implementation Regulations(English)、公益勸募條例施行細則(Mandarin)
- Charity Donations Destined For Social Welfare Funds Implementation Regulations - Permission Regulations(English)、公益勸募許可辦法(Mandarin)
- Thesis
- 歐烱杕(民97)。錢從哪裡來：台灣非營利組織之社會資本研究 (碩士論文)。 取自http://etd.library.scu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search-c/view_etd?URN=etd-0905109-104633
- NPOs transparency and accountability advocacy associations
- Taiwan NPO Self-Regulation Alliance (English)、台灣公益團體自律聯盟 (Mandarin)
- Case studies to NPOs fundraising models
- UnitedWay of Taiwan(English)、中華社會福利聯合勸募協會 (Mandarin)
- Genesis Social Welfare Foundation(English)、財團法人創世福利基金會(Mandarin)
- Sunshine Social Welfare Foundation(English)、陽光社會福利基金會(Mandarin)
Saturday, October 30, 2010
Tuesday, October 26, 2010
The legal environment of the endowment cooperation and the NPO in Taiwan
1. Definition
According to the Civil Code, the juridical persons are divided into two categories, one is for profit and the other is not for profit. Non-Profit juridical persons could be divided into the Endowment Cooperation / Foundation and the Non-profit Organization.
In the following report, I would like to analyse the difference in law or regulations and report on the advantage and disadvantage between the Endowment Cooperation / Foundation and the Non-profit Organization.
s. I will refer Endowment Cooperation as the Endowment Cooperation / Foundation and refer NPO as Non-profit Organization.
2. Background
If you would like to establish a NPO in Taiwan, you must follow the Civil Associations Act, however if you intend to establish a endowment cooperation, you must check your business category, running at a national, municipal or city level and follow the related regulations stipulated by different government departments which always require the endowment asset (including property and funding) up to $10 to 30 million at national level and $60 to 200 thousand at municipal or city level.
For a NPO, at least with 30 initiators who are over 20 years old and following some simple procedures, it is easy to establish one.
Both must register in local court wherever their business runs to get the juridical position.
3. Comparison table
The comparison of the Endowment Cooperation and the NPO by law in Taiwan
4. The strength and flaws of the Endowment Cooperation
In general, endowment cooperation is more stable than NPO with reasons as bellow,
- The endowment cooperation owns endowment asset but only the interest of it could be used for the social welfare purpose. If the board member could manage the assets properly, their financial condition is better.
- The power is controlled by the board members not like NPO whose policy is made by the public will. Besides, the chairman of the foundation could be reelected as long as the board members think he or she is qualified to manage the asset properly.
- Accountability is very important for endowment cooperation cause they must manage a big number of asset and donation.
But, there are some flaws or constrains to it,
- You must invest a lot of asset and not many NPOs can transform into endowment cooperation easily.
- You must invite famous or powerful patrons to increase the exposure for raising donation form the public.
- It could be very dominated by family members or small group of people whose management could result in bad reputation or exclusive to the outsiders.
- Sometimes, the power is controlled by whose endowment asset is more than others.
5. The threats and challenges to NPOs in Taiwan
The chairman can only be reelected once after expired office term for 3 years and the important policy must be decided by the members voting. It could lead to the instability of the association however you could also take it as a more democratic and open running model.
It is a common phenomenon that most NPOs' funding is from government grants which are restricted funding, not much for staff salary expense. With the restricted funding, NPOs are forced to do something which is not necessary meeting their vision or mission to survive. Some people criticizes that NPOs become the government's broadcasting system, follow their will and loose position to monitor them.
But, there is another voice addresses that the government is not capable of everything, if NPOs are eligible to provide professional services and represent as the grass-root power of the community, it could be a mechanism of collaboration and partnership between the government and NPOs.
Accountability is very important for NPOs too. Even NPOs apply for grants from government who always require accountability of the grant under the pressure of legislators. However, the budget relocation and low salary for staffs are also threats for NPOs in Taiwan.
6. Conclusion
In Taiwan, if you want to establish a sustainable organization, to establish a NPO could be the short term goal and a cooperation as the long term vision.
However, to make your organization sustainable not only depends on endowment asset insurance but also a democratic body to engage the public, accountability, project management, communication and outreach, raising funds and public awareness, etc. To pursuit for professionalism is a lesson that the endowment cooperation and the NPOs in Taiwan should continue to learn.
7. References
- 全國法規資料庫(Mandarin)、Laws & Regulations Database of the Republic of China(English)
- Civil Associations Act (「人民團體法」英文版)
- NPO法規介紹–財團法人許可登記及監督(連結全失效，大部分要點或準則已廢除)
- 行政院環境保護署審查環境保護財團法人設立許可及監督要點（97.08.26.）
- 「教育部主管教育事務財團法人設立許可及監督準則」
- 新竹市教育事務財團法人設立許可及監督準則
- 新竹市文化藝術財團法人設立許可及監督準則
- 臺北市財團法人暫行管理規則
- 臺北市政府社會局主管業務之財團法人設立許可及監督輔導管理補充規定
- 全國性人民團體數
- Culogy:非營利組織行政管理讀書會講義-什麼是NPO/NGO組織？，葛皇濱
Jane Goodall Institute Taiwan Analysis
1. Background
JGI had established the Taiwan branch in 1996 which is the 19th branch in Asia. The most significant achievement has made is that JGI Taiwan have invited JG to Taiwan over 10 times and facilitate more than 500 "Roots & Shoots" school groups in Taiwan.
According to the mandarin title of JGI Taiwan, 國際珍古德教育及保育協會中華民國總會 is a NGO rather than a foundation which is stipulated by a more accountable law in Taiwan.
2. Fundraising and Sponsorship Models
Jane Goodall is very famous in Taiwan, so it is smart to invite her once a year for 3-4 days to raise funds and public awareness.
During JG's stay in Taiwan, she will join the fundraising party, Zoos visit, the Wild Make-Up Parade, "Roots & Shoots" groups meetings, deliver speeches in schools and universities, and visit to the indigenous tribe which has built up relationship with her for a long time.
Some income of JGI Taiwan is from membership and there are 3 kinds of them, individual member (20 pounds/year), student member (10 pounds/year) and group member (100 pounds/year). Like most charities, they also sell merchandise including JG's books, calendar, VCD/DVD, children's book, T-shirts, and etc.
There are many company donors, according to the website, however I don't actually know to what companies have gave. This kind of CSR could be very bluffing in Taiwan. Sometimes companies just support their service or product once to us and we could put their logo or links in the CSR page for a long time.
JGI Taiwan mentions in website that most of their funding raised will be used to support "Roots & Shoots" program, which is a humanitarian and conservation education program, rather than JGI's field work in Africa or academic research in Chimpanzees.
E-funding system is not popular in Taiwan, only transferring money or faxing the credit card info allowed to make a donation as mentioned in JGI Taiwan's website.
3. Communication and Outreach
Facebook and Blog which are not well organized and active.
There are 3 kinds of newsletter in the website, including news about environment and eco-life which most is quotation of JG's books or speeches or citation of environment news in Taiwan's newspaper, news about "Green Thumb" Program and "Roots & Shoots" Program.
4. Conclusion
According to the mandarin title of JGI Taiwan, it is the branch of JGI as a legal NGO. In Taiwan, registered NGOs and foundations are allowed to receive donation and sell merchandise to the public.
For JGI Taiwan, their public awareness is not limited to Chimpanzee issues but also the wild and environmental conservation practice in schools and communities. It's a broader and more acceptable advocacy in Taiwan since that Chimpanzee is not a native spice and Taiwan people will doubt that why makes donation to support the program in Africa.
As you can see that the JGI Taiwan's target audience is the "young people" mainly in primary schools and they facilitate young people with the "Roots & Shoots" Program.
With a cross analysis with JGI 2008 Annual Report, JGI 2007 Annual Report, and JGI 2006 Annual Report, I think JGI Taiwan doesn't contribute a lot to the headquater and most of Taiwan raising funding supports the "Roots & Shoots" programs and office administration fee.
5. Further studies
- The legal environment of NGOs and Foundations in Taiwan.
- The fundraising models of NGOs and Foundations in Taiwan
- Taiwan INGOs and their management and fundraising models.
6. References
- JGI
- 國際珍古德教育與保育基金會(Mandarin)
- Home the Jane Goodall Institute(English)
- JGI 2008 Annual Report: the income is $1.4 million and the investment is 0.8 million, most income is from contribution and grants and most expense is animal welfare and conservation, education and fundraising.
- Taiwan Foundations
- INGOs in Taiwan
- Taiwan Root Medical Peace Corps(台灣路竹會)
- CONGO INGOs（The Conference of Non-Governmental Organizations in Consultative Relationship with the United Nations）
- USA Branch
- IDEA TAIWAN
- Greenpeace Taiwan Website、Greenpeace Taiwan Facebook
- Taiwan Root Medical Peace Corps(台灣路竹會)
- Laws
Monday, October 25, 2010
NCHC Internship Report Week 3 & 4: October 4th – October 13th 2010
Hsinchu City, Taiwan
Basic Information:
- Name: Mulyadi Pasaribu
- Intern Organization: National Center for High-Performance Computing (NCHC)
- Advisors: Wei-Ping Jia: CEO of BCUA, Chia-Chen Kuo: Associate Research Scientist of NCHC, Steven Shiau: Associate Research Scientist of NCHC, Panut Hadisiswoyo: Founding Director of OIC
- Supervisors: Ceasar Sun, Jazz Wang and Thomas Tsai from the Free Software Lab, NCHC
- Service Period: October 4th – October 13th 2010
Time/Date | Daily Log | |||||||
10/04/10 | 10/05/10 | 10/06/10 | 10/07/10 | 10/08/10 | 10/11/10 | 10/12/10 | 10/13/10 | |
Time In | 09.00 AM | Attending ADOC 2.0 Conference in Taipei | 09.05 AM | 08.55 AM | 09.10 AM | 09.05 AM | 08.50 AM | |
Time Out | 05.30 PM | 05.20 PM | 05.10 PM | 05.30 PM | 05.30 PM | 02.30 PM | ||
Scheduled Activities:
- 10/04: Clonezilla – Backup, Restore, Multicast
- 10/05: Attending ADOC 2.0 Conference in Taipei
- 10/06: Attending ADOC 2.0 Conference in Taipei
- 10/07: Self Learning: Clonezilla
- 10/08: Translating DRBL Software from English to Bahasa
- 10/11: Q & A
- 10/12: Q & A
- 10/13: Tux2Live
Assignment: Translating DRBL Software from English to Bahasa
Self Note:
- 10/04: This is the third week for me doing internship in NCHC and today I learn another open source software that developed by the Free Software Lab at NCHC. The software name is Clonezilla and this software used for backup and restore system. This in another free software that can be used and implemented in the CDOC as this software will help to clone a system from one PC to other PC.
Mr. Thomas also teach me on how to use the Virtualbox OSE as an environment to trying the functionality of the Clonezilla software. Virtualbox is a new software for me and this will help a lot because with this software I didn't afraid to do try and error or experiment in laptop or PC as this is only a virtual machine that didn't affect the the real system in our machine.
On this day I also got an assignment to translate the DRBL software from US English to ID Bahasa. The translation is different with previous Partclone software that only had few lines of sentences. DRBL translation is more than 800 lines and this need much time to be finished as sometimes the software language is much different with daily language.
- 10/05: This day I didn't come to NCHC as I attend the ADOC 2.0 Conference in Taipei. ADOC = APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) Digital Opportunity Center.
- 10/06: This day I didn't come to NCHC as I attend the ADOC 2.0 Conference in Taipei. When the conference break for lunch, we got a good news because ADOC (supported by Asus Foundation) will help the mobile CDOC by providing 16 new laptops.
- 10/07: This day I didn't learn anything new. I only doing self learning about Clonezilla software and started to translating the DRBL software from English to Bahasa.
- 10/08: This is the last day of my 3rd week doing internship on NCHC (October 8th). On this day actually I scheduled to learn about Winroll and Tux2Live with Mr. Ceasar but because miss communication about the schedule so we can not learn the lesson and I spent the day to continue translation of DRBL Software from English to Bahasa.
- 10/11: This is the first day of my last week doing internship on NCHC. On this day we scheduled to have a Question and Answer discussion about all of the lessons I learn during my internship time. Actually I can learn the lesson well and I didn't had much question to ask. But today I know one of interesting information about NCHC when we having discussion with Ms. Kuo, Apple, Panut, A'al, Okta, Kieran, Nick and one of NCHC staff in the 2nd floor meeting room of NCHC. I just realize that NCHC is not only about open source software development but also have many other divisions that doing research and development such as multimedia design for education purpose. On this day, I also make a short presentation about what I've learn during my internship on NCHC.
Interesting Multimedia Tools in NCHC
- 10/12: This day I didn't learn new lesson as the scheduled activity for today is Question and Answer. I only spent this day to continue translation of DRBL Software from English to Bahasa.
- 10/13: This is the last day for me doing internship on NCHC and this day I learn about Tux2Live with Mr. Ceasar. Actually Mr. Ceasar also scheduled to teach me about how to compile an open source software, but because I know my self and my current skill level in programming, I prefer not to learn about how to compile open source because I think I can't reach the limit to learn about it now, so maybe in the future.
Monday, October 11, 2010
Review of SOS Fundrasing tutorials.
From my personal perspective, they teach people how to raise funds and sponsorship for the charity. Fundraising for charity has been part of life and culture of the UK people for a long time and the UK government supports the legal environment for charities, whatever their size or purpose, to raise funds from the public.
Some differences between Taiwan and UK could be observed from these two articles, including E-fundraising system, like JustGiving, a quicker and easier way to raise sponsorship for charities than off-line donation, "Gift Aid", a policy that enables tax-effective giving by individuals to charities, and "Match Giving Scheme" which encourages employers or companies to double their employees' funds raised.
I will spend some time to research about the law environment of charities in UK like Charity Law, The Charity Commission and HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) to make my further research about model comparisons of CSR and fundrasing more practical.
It could be very useful for I-DO volunteer group from NCTU to adopt fundrasing ideas and practice raising awareness of orangutan and rainforest in Taiwan from these two small articles.